Biotechnology – a set of technologies that use the methods characteristic of living nature to transform matter and obtain a variety of useful effects.
These technologies include bioengineering (genetic engineering), biological synthesis of polymers and composites, drugs, vaccines, and diagnostic kits, as well as technologies of various applications of biotechnological methods in medicine and agriculture (diagnosis, treatment, processing, and storage of agricultural raw materials, etc.). Biotechnology can be used as a basis for the production of materials for micro-and nanotechnology:
– obtain materials for micro-and nanoelectronics, polymers, and composites, including cell biopolymers, protein preparations, and composites with given functional properties;
– to synthesize drugs and food additives, biological agents to protect plants and animals, and recombinant vaccines;
– breeding of transgenic forms of plants and animals;
– production and processing of agricultural raw materials;
– gene diagnostics and gene therapy, as well as immune correction;
– the creation of elements of the life support and human protection system;
– ensure the safety and quality control of food products, etc.
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